Lipid class
|
Plant species
| |
Arabidopsis (−6 °C)/rice (10 °C)
|
Arabidopsis (−12 °C)/rice (4 °C)
|
---|
| |
C
|
T
|
R1
|
R3
|
T
|
R1
|
R3
|
---|
| |
Lipid content (nmol per mg dry weight)
|
DGDG
|
Arabidopsis
|
47.49 ± 3.00ab
|
50.54 ± 4.68a
|
41.28 ± 3.71c
|
45.22 ± 7.03bc
|
17.17 ± 2.12d
|
5.88 ± 1.01e
|
3.41 ± 1.25e
|
|
Rice
|
38.69 ± 2.29ab
|
39.07 ± 3.08ab
|
38.22 ± 2.19b
|
41.58 ± 1.12a
|
27.91 ± 3.46c
|
22.61 ± 1.70d
|
8.43 ± 1.12e
|
MGDG
|
Arabidopsis
|
235.54 ± 17.77a
|
159.59 ± 26.35b
|
174.79 ± 24.64b
|
213.70 ± 24.43a
|
7.68 ± 1.02c
|
3.93 ± 0.65c
|
2.82 ± 0.62c
|
|
Rice
|
103.43 ± 5.93a
|
73.53 ± 4.96c
|
70.97 ± 3.83c
|
93.72 ± 4.07b
|
51.03 ± 11.24d
|
22.28 ± 2.44e
|
6.47 ± 2.54f
|
PG
|
Arabidopsis
|
11.12 ± 3.13ab
|
11.77 ± 1.87a
|
9.56 ± 1.01b
|
9.68 ± 1.32b
|
4.97 ± 0.75c
|
2.36 ± 0.42d
|
1.42 ± 0.17d
|
|
Rice
|
5.46 ± 0.88a
|
3.05 ± 0.28b
|
2.72 ± 0.25bc
|
2.99 ± 0.38bc
|
2.47 ± 0.43c
|
1.45 ± 0.16d
|
0.54 ± 0.09e
|
PA
|
Arabidopsis
|
0.25 ± 0.07d
|
2.32 ± 0.83cd
|
1.41 ± 0.69d
|
0.50 ± 0.10d
|
24.75 ± 4.13a
|
20.74 ± 5.88b
|
6.00 ± 3.24c
|
|
Rice
|
0.18 ± 0.07c
|
0.47 ± 0.09c
|
0.11 ± 0.02c
|
0.12 ± 0.03c
|
3.57 ± 1.23b
|
5.90 ± 1.26a
|
2.81 ± 0.27b
|
PC
|
Arabidopsis
|
13.80 ± 1.34b
|
13.52 ± 2.35b
|
16.51 ± 1.79a
|
15.94 ± 1.07a
|
3.18 ± 0.86c
|
0.68 ± 0.52d
|
0.76 ± 0.43d
|
|
Rice
|
12.66 ± 0.94a
|
10.63 ± 0.72b
|
9.77 ± 0.37bc
|
9.13 ± 0.73c
|
9.84 ± 1.22bc
|
6.30 ± 0.37d
|
2.57 ± 0.59e
|
PE
|
Arabidopsis
|
2.18 ± 0.39a
|
2.15 ± 0.81a
|
2.66 ± 0.99a
|
2.50 ± 0.76a
|
0.36 ± 0.16b
|
0.09 ± 0.07b
|
0.07 ± 0.05b
|
|
Rice
|
0.97 ± 0.21b
|
1.41 ± 0.17a
|
1.03 ± 0.15b
|
0.76 ± 0.12c
|
1.11 ± 0.15b
|
0.70 ± 0.05c
|
0.25 ± 0.08d
|
PI
|
Arabidopsis
|
5.21 ± 0.65b
|
6.93 ± 1.59a
|
6.90 ± 1.35a
|
6.92 ± 0.56a
|
5.68 ± 0.59b
|
3.31 ± 0.31c
|
1.06 ± 0.24d
|
|
Rice
|
2.61 ± 0.22ab
|
2.46 ± 0.19b
|
2.47 ± 0.24b
|
2.48 ± 0.26b
|
1.72 ± 0.05c
|
2.84 ± 0.23a
|
1.56 ± 0.32c
|
PS
|
Arabidopsis
|
0.21 ± 0.06ab
|
0.09 ± 0.03c
|
0.18 ± 0.04b
|
0.25 ± 0.04a
|
0.03 ± 0.01d
|
0.02 ± 0.01d
|
0.03 ± 0.03d
|
|
Rice
|
0.22 ± 0.03a
|
0.15 ± 0.03bc
|
0.11 ± 0.01de
|
0.13 ± 0.02cd
|
0.17 ± 0.03b
|
0.14 ± 0.01cd
|
0.07 ± 0.03e
|
Total
|
Arabidopsis
|
315.92 ± 16.69a
|
247.16 ± 27.43b
|
253.44 ± 29.78b
|
294.83 ± 33.53a
|
64.20 ± 5.07c
|
37.37 ± 6.16cd
|
15.83 ± 3.84d
|
|
Rice
|
164.27 ± 7.38a
|
130.88 ± 8.70c
|
125.46 ± 6.23c
|
149.96 ± 5.93b
|
98.00 ± 15.14d
|
62.43 ± 3.88e
|
22.82 ± 3.74f
|
| |
Ratio of lipid
|
MGDG:DGDG
|
Arabidopsis
|
4.97 ± 0.48a*
|
3.20 ± 0.71c*
|
4.23 ± 0.46b*
|
4.75 ± 0.31ab*
|
0.46 ± 0.09d*
|
0.67 ± 0.07d*
|
0.91 ± 0.37d
|
|
Rice
|
2.67 ± 0.10a
|
1.88 ± 0.08c
|
1.86 ± 0.06c
|
2.23 ± 0.08b
|
1.81 ± 0.20c
|
0.99 ± 0.10d
|
0.75 ± 0.23e
|
PC:PE
|
Arabidopsis
|
6.47 ± 1.09c*
|
6.93 ± 2.33c
|
5.46 ± 0.94c*
|
6.89 ± 2.10c*
|
8.31 ± 0.91b
|
9.30 ± 4.93a
|
13.48 ± 4.07a
|
|
Rice
|
14.09 ± 0.57a
|
7.57 ± 0.74e
|
9.53 ± 1.02cd
|
12.20 ± 1.46b
|
8.92 ± 0.29de
|
9.10 ± 0.88d
|
10.67 ± 1.03c
|
Galactolipid:Phospholipid
|
Arabidopsis
|
8.83 ± 1.64a*
|
5.79 ± 0.87c
|
5.81 ± 0.55c*
|
7.23 ± 0.52b*
|
0.65 ± 0.10d*
|
0.38 ± 0.12d*
|
0.78 ± 0.39d*
|
|
Rice
|
6.46 ± 0.60b
|
6.19 ± 0.24b
|
6.75 ± 0.38b
|
8.63 ± 0.44a
|
4.17 ± 0.67c
|
2.61 ± 0.33d
|
1.96 ± 0.61e
|
- “C” represents “control”, “T” indicates samples taken immediately after each cold treatment, and “R1” and “R3” indicate samples taken after post treatment recovery culture for 1 and 3 days, respectively. Values in the same row marked with different letters are significantly different, while an asterisk means that the value in Arabidopsis is significantly different from that in rice (p < 0.05). Values are means ± S.D. (n = 4 or 5)