Fig. 7
Expression patterns of ClMPKs (a) and ClMKKs (b) in response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Two-week-old plants were inoculated by dipping the roots in conidia suspension (1 × 107 conidia/mL) of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum or in sterilized water as mock-inoculated controls. Disease progress was monitored (a) and leaf samples were collected at indicated time points for analyzing the expression of defense marker genes (b) and the ClMPK (c) and ClMKK (d) genes. Relative expressions as folds of the actin transcript level are presented as the means ± SD from three independent experiments. ** on the columns indicate significant differences at p ≤ 0.05 between the pathogen- and mock-inoculated plants