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Table 4 Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) identified using multiple traits-multiple interval mapping analysis for root length (RL), root diameter (RD), root surface area (SA), surface area of fine roots (SA2), root:shoot ratio (R:S), total seedling dry weight (TDW) and total P content (Pcont)

From: Multiple interval QTL mapping and searching for PSTOL1 homologs associated with root morphology, biomass accumulation and phosphorus content in maize seedlings under low-P

QTLa

Bin

cMb

Marker/Position (Mbp)

LOD

Flanking markersc/Position (Mbp)

Main effectd / R2 (%)e

RL

RD

SA

SA2

R:S

TDW

Pcont

qMulti1.03

1.03

94.4

umc1073

18.4

bnlg1083

PZA03742_1

−0.109

0.163*

−0.075

0.110

−0.168*

−0.147*

0.026

   

32.9

9

27.5

44.5

1.18

2.64

0.56

1.19

2.82

2.14

0.65

qMulti1.06

1.06

183.

PZA00619_3

5.07

bnlg1598

umc1335

0.093

−0.028

−0.084

0.078

−0.054

−0.004

0.210**

  

8

195.4

 

187.8

196.9

0.85

0.08

0.70

0.60

0.27

0.00

4.33

qMulti1.07

1.07

209.0

PHM114614_22

20.01

PZA01963_15

PHM12693_8

−0.185*

0.010

−0.231**

−0.224**

0.373***

−0.299***

−0.138+

   

205.6

 

203.7

223.5

3.03

0.01

4.73

4.41

12.28

7.89

1.67

qMulti2.08

2.08

72.7

PZA01885_2

16.10

PZA02077_1

PZA01885_2

0.116

−0.109

0.083

−0.041

−0.111

−0.049

−0.262***

   

206.9

 

206.5

206.9

1.28

1.13

0.65

0.02

1.16

0.23

6.50

qMulti3.04

3.04

83.0

PZA00297_2

7.90

ZmPSTOL3.04

PHM5502_31

0.217**

−0.216**

0.192*

0.119+

0.124+

−0.023

−0.059

   

39.9

 

20.2

67.2

4.28

4.25

3.34

1.29

1.40

0.05

0.31

qMulti3.06

3.06

138.

PZA01962

8.25

PZA02212_1

PZA03735_1

−0.018

−0.097

−0.049

−0.047

0.306***

−0.077

−0.025

  

0

178.2

 

174.5

180.5

0.03

0.81

0.20

0.19

8.07

0.51

0.05

qMulti6.06

6.06

130.

PHM16607_11

6.88

PHM597_18

PZB01569_7

−0.027

0.108

0.010

0.178*

−0.064

0.111

0.045

  

5

160.2

 

157.9

160.7

0.07

1.11

0.01

3.01

0.39

1.17

0.02

qMulti8.02

8.02

48.0

ZmPSTOL8.02

15.76

ZmPSTOL8.02

PHM1978_111

−0.252**

0.164

−0.243**

−0.184*

−0.177*

−0.095

−0.239**

   

13.3

 

13.3

21.8

4.14

1.76

3.83

2.20

2.04

0.59

3.71

qMulti9.04

9.04

27.5

PHM13183_12

20.30

PZA0225_8

PZB01358_1

−0.022

−0.135+

−0.079

−0.286***

0.083

−0.164+

−0.148+

   

104.7

 

104.5

106.8

0.04

1.71

0.58

7.67

0.65

2.53

2.05

qMulti10.03

10.03

38.0

PHM1155_14

19.96

PHM1812_32

PZA01877_2

−0.180*

−0.106

−0.240**

−0.403*** 15.17

−0.047

−0.171*

−0.013

   

62.1

 

47.7

77.5

3.03

1.06

  

0.21

2.74

0.02

     

fR2 T

 

26.17

35.54

24.51

33.53

34.04

23.41

27.28

  1. aQTLs are named using the “multi”, indicating that were detected using MT-MIM, followed by their genomic position in bin
  2. bcM and Mbp indicate the marker position in centiMorgans and in mega base pairs at maximum LOD value
  3. cFlanking markers are based on −1.5 LOD support interval
  4. dEffect measured as standard deviation from the progeny mean: Positive values indicate that L3 carries the allele for an increase in the trait, and negative values indicate that L22 contributes the allele for an increase in the trait. Effect significance based on p-values estimated via score statistics resampling (+ p < 0.1, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001)
  5. eR2: Ratio of the genotypic variance of the QTL effect to the phenotypic variance, times 100
  6. fR2 T: genotypic variance of the full model (including epistasis shown in Table 4)