Metabolic pathways
|
Metabolites
|
Relative concentration
|
Fold changes
|
---|
CK
|
SS
|
AS
|
log2
(SS/CK)
|
log2
(AS/CK)
|
log2
(AS/SS)
|
---|
TCA cycle
|
Cit
|
29.28
|
22.00
|
6.81
|
−0.41
|
−2.10a
|
−1.69a
|
Aco
|
1.25
|
1.02
|
0.88
|
−0.30
|
−0.51
|
−0.21
|
α-KG
|
0.55
|
0.52
|
0.26
|
−0.09
|
−1.09a
|
−1.00a
|
Succ
|
9.17
|
6.45
|
5.28
|
−0.51
|
−0.79
|
−0.29
|
Fum
|
3.70
|
1.65
|
1.02
|
−1.16a
|
−1.86a
|
−0.70
|
Mal
|
19.01
|
8.10
|
5.86
|
−1.23a
|
−1.70a
|
−0.47
|
Glycolysis
|
Glc
|
5.66
|
71.66
|
9.08
|
3.66a
|
0.68
|
−2.98a
|
G6P
|
0.56
|
1.29
|
0.27
|
1.19a
|
−1.06a
|
−2.25a
|
F6P
|
0.54
|
1.32
|
0.23
|
1.30a
|
−1.24a
|
−2.54a
|
3-PGA
|
0.35
|
0.92
|
0.31
|
1.38a
|
−0.18
|
−1.56a
|
Pyr
|
0.68
|
0.63
|
0.57
|
−0.10
|
−0.25
|
−0.15
|
PEP
|
0.15
|
0.62
|
0.07
|
2.05a
|
−1.15a
|
−3.19a
|
Amino acids
|
Glu
|
270.41
|
220.74
|
103.83
|
−0.29
|
−1.38a
|
−1.09a
|
GABA
|
101.70
|
85.20
|
42.42
|
−0.26
|
−1.26a
|
−1.01a
|
Ala
|
67.72
|
69.28
|
24.26
|
0.03
|
−1.48a
|
−1.51a
|
Asp
|
51.33
|
32.36
|
11.90
|
−0.67
|
−2.11a
|
−1.44a
|
Gly
|
21.96
|
13.17
|
4.47
|
−0.74
|
−2.30a
|
−1.56a
|
Thr
|
9.54
|
7.76
|
7.12
|
−0.30
|
−0.42
|
−0.12
|
Ser
|
8.58
|
9.42
|
2.56
|
0.13
|
−1.74
|
−1.88
|
Val
|
2.92
|
5.79
|
2.90
|
0.99a
|
−0.01
|
−1.00a
|
Pro
|
0.39
|
1.31
|
1.29
|
1.73a
|
1.72a
|
−0.02
|
Phe
|
0.51
|
0.42
|
0.24
|
−0.29
|
−1.10a
|
−0.82
|
Gln
|
0.60
|
0.37
|
0.09
|
−0.68
|
−2.72a
|
−2.04a
|
Ile
|
0.42
|
2.89
|
0.48
|
2.77a
|
0.19
|
−2.58a
|
Leu
|
0.07
|
0.42
|
0.03
|
2.66a
|
−1.02a
|
−3.68a
|
Asn
|
0.06
|
0.05
|
0.03
|
−0.17
|
−1.12a
|
−0.96
|
Sugars and polyols
|
Fru
|
162.82
|
327.02
|
224.24
|
1.01a
|
0.46
|
−0.54
|
Suc
|
0.54
|
0.92
|
1.72
|
0.76
|
1.67a
|
0.90a
|
Tal
|
29.78
|
25.25
|
22.97
|
−0.24
|
−0.37
|
−0.14
|
Kes
|
0.29
|
0.40
|
0.33
|
0.45
|
0.19
|
−0.26
|
Hep
|
0.56
|
0.36
|
0.85
|
−0.64
|
0.60
|
1.24a
|
mIno
|
20.79
|
18.76
|
15.98
|
−0.15
|
−0.38
|
−0.23
|
Sor
|
0.52
|
0.39
|
2.35
|
−0.42
|
2.16a
|
2.58a
|
Rib
|
30.99
|
19.85
|
14.86
|
−0.64
|
−1.06a
|
−0.42
|
Gala
|
23.45
|
18.76
|
16.26
|
−0.32
|
−0.53
|
−0.21
|
Raf
|
14.24
|
13.45
|
4.35
|
−0.08
|
−1.71a
|
−1.63a
|
- The relative concentration of each metabolite is an average of data from six biological replicates obtained through GC–MS. Fold changes were calculated using the formula log2
(treatment/control)
-
aindicates significance (p < 0.05)