Molecular evaluation of orphan Afghan common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces collected by Dr. Kihara using single nucleotide polymorphic markers

Table 3 Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) for the landraces collected from nine provinces, Badakhshan, Takhar, Ghor, Herat, Kabul, Badghis, Kandahar, Bamyan, and Samangan (1, 2 and 3), according to their geographical distribution, and for all collected landraces with (4) and without (5) controls, according to their year of collection

Groups	Source of variation	Percentage variation *
1- Nine populations one region	Among populations	14%
1- Nine populations one region	Within populations	86%
2- Two populations one region**	Between populations	16%
2- Two populations one region**	Within populations	84%
3- Nine populations two regions**	Between regions	13%
	Among populations	4%
	Within populations	83%
4- Two populations landraces & controls	Between populations	5%
4- Two populations landraces & controls	Within populations	95%
5- Three populations year of collection	Among populations	12%
5- Three populations year of collection	Within populations	88%

*P <0.001.
**Badakhshan and Takhar provinces were considered as one population in (2) and as a single region in (3), while the remaining provinces were considered as a single population in (2) and as a single region in (3).

ISSN: 1471-2229