Figure 4From: The timing of herbivore-induced volatile emission in black poplar (Populus nigra) and the influence of herbivore age and identity affect the value of individual volatiles as cues for herbivore enemiesEffect of feeding intensity during various herbivory treatments on volatile emission of Populus nigra compounds. P values indicate significant differences after applying a GLS model (excluding the effect of herbivore identity). p < 0.001 = ***, p < 0.05 = *, n.s. = not significant. Herbivory treatments are depicted by different symbols.Back to article page