Figure 8From: The beneficial fungus Piriformospora indica protects Arabidopsis from Verticillium dahliaeinfection by downregulation plant defense responsesPi inhibits the formation of Vd micosclerotia in roots, irrespective of whether the roots were first exposed to Pi ( 1P2V ) or first to Vd ( 1V2P ). The analysis was performed 21 days after infection. Left: microscopy of root sections with microslerotia (black spots). Right: Quantification of the number of microsclerotia. The data are based on 3 independent experiments with 12 seedlings each. Bars represent SDs. Asterisks indicate significant differences to Vd, as determined by Student's t-test (* P ≤ 0.05; ** P ≤ 0.01; *** P ≤ 0.001).Back to article page