Figure 5

DipM is required for chloroplast division in the moss P. patens. (A) An immunoblot analysis showing the expression of the DipM1-HA fusion protein. DipM1-HA was expressed by the rice actin promoter and was detected by an anti-HA antibody. (B) An immunofluorescent image showing DipM1-HA (the green fluorescence) localization over the entire surface of the chloroplast. (C) Phenotypes of ∆dipM1, ∆dipM2 as well as ∆dipM1 and ∆dipM2 double mutants. The ∆dipM1 and ∆dipM2 double mutant cells contain a smaller number of the larger chloroplasts than the wild type, which is indicative of a chloroplast division defect. Chloroplasts in protonema and leaf cells of the wild type (WT) and mutants were observed by differential interference contrast microscopy. (D) Immunofluorescent images showing FtsZ localization in the wild-type (WT) and ∆dipM1 ∆dipM2 protonemal cells. Most of the chloroplasts in ∆dipM1 ∆dipM2 have a single FtsZ ring, suggesting that DipM1 and DipM2 are required for chloroplast division after FtsZ ring formation. Scale bar = 20 μm (B, C and D).