Identification of the dehydrin gene family from grapevine species and analysis of their responsiveness to various forms of abiotic and biotic stress

Table 2 Regulatory elements involved in stress-, pathogen- and embryogenesis-responsiveness in grapevine DHN promoter regions

*Cis*-element	Sequence	Number ofcis-elements^*				Function	References
		DHN1	DHN2	DHN3	DHN4
ABRE	CACGTG	4/4	6/6	0/1	2/2	Abscisic acid responsiveness	[37]
DRE	ACCGAC	1/1	1/1	0/0	0/0	Drought and cold responsiveness	[38]
HSE	AGAAAATTCG	1/2	0/0	0/0	0/0	Heat stress responsiveness	[39]
LTR	CCGAAA	1/1	0/0	0/0	0/0	Low-temperature responsiveness	[40]
TC-rich repeats	ATTTTCTTCA	0/0	0/0	2/2	0/0	Stress and defense responsiveness	[41]
MeJA-RE	CGTCA	1/1	2/3	0/0	1/1	MeJA-responsiveness	[42]
TCA element	CCATCTTTTT	1/1	1/0	0/0	1/1	Salicylic acid responsiveness	[43]
Skn-1_motif	GTCAT	2/2	1/1	1/1	2/1	Endosperm expression	[44]

^* The first number indicates the number of cis-regulatory elements within the V. yeshanensis DHN promoter while the second number indicates the number of cis-regulatory elements within the V. vinifera DHN promoter.

ISSN: 1471-2229