Figure 2

Infection structures and TRI5 induction of F. graminearum TRI5prom::GFP on wheat cv Nandu. A-C White light and fluorescence micrographs of infection cushions on palea at 8 dpi using MZFLIII microscope, scale bars = 100 μm. A Natural appearance of the inoculated surface of palea. B Infection cushions are visible by dsRed fluorescence. C GFP fluorescence demonstrates TRI5 induction in infection structures. D Laser scanning microscopy of GFP inductive fungal structures (white arrowhead in B and C). Overlay image of individually detected dsRed and GFP fluorescence of the fungus as well as blue plant autofluorescence. The image represents a maximum intensity projection of a z-stack, scale bar = 50 μm. E-G Scanning electron micrographs of different infection structures on glume at 8 dpi. E Infection cushion, scale bar = 50 μm. F Lobate appressorium, and G foot structures, scale bars = 2 μm. Abbreviations: FS Foot structures, IC infection cushion, IH infection hypha, LA lobate appressorium, PS papillae silica cell, RH runner hyphae.