Figure 1From: Modulation of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway genes and anthocyanins due to virus infection in grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) leavesSchematic representation of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. The pathway is drawn based on information from Hummer and Schreier and Boss et al. [59, 81]. PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; CHS1, CHS2, and CHS3, chalcone synthase 1, 2, and 3, respectively; CHI1 and CHI2, chalcone isomerase 1 and 2, respectively; F3'H -flavonoid-3'-hydroxylase; F3'5'H - flavonoid-3', 5'-hydroxylase; F3H1 and F3H2, flavanone-3-hydroxylase 1 and 2, respectively; DFR- dihydroflavonol reductase; LDOX- leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase; UFGT, UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase, FLS1, flavonol synthase 1, LAR1 and LAR2, leucoanthocyanidin reductase 1 and 2, respectively; ANR, anthocyanidin reductase; MT, methyl transferase; MybA1, MYB transcription factor gene.Back to article page