Figure 3From: Identifying new lignin bioengineering targets: 1. Monolignol-substitute impacts on lignin formation and cell wall fermentabilityAromatic regions from 13C-1H correlation gel-state 2D NMR spectra (HSQC) of whole cell walls in DMSO-d 6 and pyridine-d 5 . Maize cell walls were artificially lignified with a) coniferyl alcohol 1 and sinapyl alcohol 2 in a 1:1 molar ratio, b) coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, and feruloylquinic acid 8 in a 1:1:1 molar ratio, c) coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, and epigallocatechin gallate 11 in a 1:1:0.5 molar ratio, and d) coniferyl alcohol and 1,4-di-O-feruloyl threitol 16 in a 4:1 molar ratio. Correlations for syringyl (S), guaiacyl (G), ferulate (FA), and epigallocatechin (EG) units in lignin were assigned using data from previous publications [53–55] and an NMR database [56].Back to article page