Fig. 3

Scanning electron microscopy images of the density of wax platelets on the leaf epidermis of (A) diploid and (B) tetraploid induced Erysimum under drought conditions; (C) and (D) Formation of single wax rodlets, polygonal rodlet structures, and tubular clusters on the leaf surface of tetraploid wallflowers under drought stress conditions; Density of tubular clusters of wax on the leaf epidermis of tetraploid induced E. cheiri under (E) full irrigation and (F) water stress conditions