Table 3 Genes in the chloroplast genome of Caragana species
Category | Group of genes | Name of genes |
|---|---|---|
Self-replication | Proteins of large ribosomal subunit | rpl14, rpl16*, rpl2*, rpl20, rpl23, rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 |
Proteins of small ribosomal subunit | rps11, rps12*, rps14, rps15, rps18, rps19, rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7, rps8 | |
Subunits of RNA polymerase | rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1*, rpoC2 | |
Ribosomal RNAs | rrn16, rrn23, rrn4.5, rrn5 | |
Transfer RNAs | trnA-UGC*, trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC, trnF-GAA, trnG-GCC, trnG-UCC*, trnH-GUG, trnI-CAU, trnI-GAU*, trnK-UUU*, trnL-CAA*, trnL-UAA, trnL-UAG, trnM-CAU, trnN-GUU(2), trnP-UGG, trnQ-UUG, trnR-ACG, trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-GGU, trnT-UGU, trnV-GAC, trnV-UAC*, trnW-CCA, trnY-GUA, trnfM-CAU | |
Photosynthesis | Subunits of photosystem I | psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ |
Subunits of photosystem II | psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, psbZ | |
Subunits of NADH dehydrogenase | ndhA*, ndhB*, ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK | |
Subunits of cytochrome b/f complex | petA, petB*, petD*, petG, petL, petN | |
Subunits of ATP synthase | atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF*, atpH, atpI | |
Large subunit of rubisco | rbcL | |
Other genes | Maturase | matK |
Protease | clpP** (*) | |
Envelope membrane protein | cemA | |
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase | accD | |
c-type cytochrome synthesis gene | ccsA | |
Unknown | Conserved hypothetical chloroplast ORF | ycf1, ycf2, ycf3**, ycf4 |