Fig. 4

Transcriptome profiling of the S. hermonthica secretome during parasitism. a Schematic of sample collection for S. hermonthica grown on the susceptible rice cultivar, NERICA 7. At each stage the number of upregulated (red arrow) or downregulated (blue arrow) genes are shown relative to the preceding stage (i.e. 2 dpi vs haustoria; 4 dpi vs 2 dpi; 7 dpi vs 4 dpi). Numbers of genes encoding predicted secreted proteins are in parenthesis. dpi = days post infection. b Representative microscopy images of whole-root S. hermonthica attachments (left) and cross sections of parasite-host attachments on NERICA 7 (right). Scale bars = 100 µM. c Hierarchical clustering of FPKM values for the 788 S. hermonthica putative secreted DEGs identified from parasites infecting NERICA 7. Numbers in parenthesis represent the numbers of DEGs in each cluster. Scale represents the standardised expression values as a Z-score. d, Enriched Pfam domains for the DEG clusters I-VIII. Point size is proportional to the relative frequency of the domain in the cluster calculated as a proportion of all the domains in that cluster