Table 3 The effects of treatment with humic acid or fulvic acid and different rates of the recommended dose of phosphorus fertilizer (RDP) on plant height, and spike length of barley cultivar Giza 123 in the seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020

HA + 100% RDP

109.72 ± 0.66 ab

113.59 ± 2.12 bc

10.76 ± 0.52 a

10.96 ± 0.21 a

HA + 75% RDP

107.51 ± 2.15 bc

111.30 ± 2.08 bc

10.55 ± 0.21 a

10.75 ± 0.21 ab

HA + 50% RDP

105.30 ± 0.60 bcd

109.01 ± 2.03 cd

10.35 ± 0.21 ab

10.54 ± 0.49 abc

HA + 0% RDP

100.92 ± 0.50 d

104.44 ± 1.95 d

9.93 ± 0.27 abc

10.12 ± 0.32 abcd

FA + 100% RDP

115.30 ± 2.02 a

119.36 ± 1.10 a

9.74 ± 0.35 abcd

9.93 ± 0.46 abcd

FA + 75% RDP

112.75 ± 1.91 ab

116.72 ± 1.93 ab

9.65 ± 0.46 abcd

9.84 ± 0.37 abcd

FA + 50% RDP

110.20 ± 0.88 ab

114.07 ± 2.00 ab

9.56 ± 0.45 abcd

9.75 ± 0.45 abcd

FA + 0% RDP

105.09 ± 2.09 cd

108.79 ± 1.97 c

9.38 ± 0.45 abcd

9.56 ± 0.44 abcd

100% RDP

108.68 ± 2.65 bcd

112.51 ± 3.84 ab

9.15 ± 0.43 bcde

9.32 ± 0.43 bcd

75% RDP

106.75 ± 2.33 abc

108.51 ± 3.33 c

8.93 ± 0.43 bcde

9.10 ± 0.42 cd

50% RDP

104.85 ± 3.28 cd

106.51 ± 1.91 c

8.71 ± 0.41 cde

8.88 ± 0.41 cd

0% RDP

100.96 ± 1.55 d

102.51 ± 1.45 d

8.28 ± 0.39 de

8.43 ± 0.39 d