Table 1 Some physical and chemical properties of the soil and wood chips biochar used in this study. Each value ± standard error (SE) is the mean of three replicates

Soil

Sand %

86.95 ± 0.09

Silt %

6.45 ± 0.03

Clay %

6.60 ± 0.12

Texture

Loamy Sand

Bulk density (Mg m^− 3)

1.59 ± 0.03

TOM %

0.49 ± 0.02

CaCO₃ %

24.90 ± 0.03

pH_(1:2)

7.68 ± 0.005

EC_(1:1) (dS m⁻¹)

3.98 ± 0.005

Soluble sodium (mg kg^− 1)

1597.34 ± 47.00

Available nitrogen (mg kg^− 1)

101.01 ± 2.73

Available potassium (mg kg^− 1)

314.06 ± 6.27

Wood chips biochar

pH_(1:10)

6.55 ± 0.04

EC_(1:10) (dS m⁻¹)

0.26 + 0.01

Soluble potassium (mg kg^− 1)

32.38 ± 1.26

Soluble sodium (mg kg^− 1)

11.58 ± 1.09

DOC (mg kg^− 1)

878.12 ± 20.31

TOC (g kg^− 1)

259.99 ± 5.70

Available phosphorus (mg kg^− 1)

18.80 ± 2.62

Available potassium (mg kg^− 1)

42.07 ± 1.48

Total nitrogen (g kg^− 1)

6.65 ± 0.20